IAS-LAB PUBLICATIONS
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): VIII. Exploring galaxy morphology across cosmic time through Sérsic fits
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche; ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS###0004-6361; 58303888900; 36720530600; 6602294488; 56153006200; 36237905600; 55178467000; 23050749700; 56216916000; 57558773800; 49362192900; 56261663500; 36238621200; 55868798300; 57217929177; 57222380960; 35957375500; 55929371000; 6701390827; 6701409861; 14629998500; 56176939800; 8651648800; 35241679100; 57220414927; 24482926400; 6505819655; 57225389323; 35421870300; 7102960752; 7004185737; 55600275300; 6602293713; 6701447926; 7004168457; 7004279376; 35117442400; 57219376526; 56592859600; 8316050500; 57193414472; 57090221700; 7004614794; 24439181000; 55948641800; 54924573500; 7007018277; 56260193000; 55543336500; 37121732700; 7003910265; 6507398813; 55757270100; 26645887600; 8856476200; 59636105400; 7004529134; 26663174300; 6603213706; 6602521535; 7006071419; 38961266500; 6701458135; 55978579700; 6601991850; 6602678698; 6602348000; 24461026200; 56181792800; 57202592808; 24587025200; 9639653200; 6701688696; 36627225700; 6506341877; 56592156500; 14630273900; 57206536839; 36657273100; 8527480900; 12809267200; 22979454100; 9270789600; 14008117700; 6603519641; 7102513091; 7202555066; 7006022077; 16024707000; 6603380199; 36663730200; 55539553700; 35425530800; 23485209600; 55885669700; 35227493200; 37123976000; 55578049300; 7102120605; 6603602446; 58754493800; 56149076900; 6603623670; 6602251719; 6603205767; 6603770482; 56403356600; 36195926600; 35070066100; 14058603600; 10239419900; 14025617800; 57815020000; 6506385309; 56463558800; 55779479900; 13407562800; 7102174334; 56229506700; 8058520300; 14056466700; 7102846243; 36542679900; 55665939900; 7005525798; 14832846900; 7004208543; 7102775303; 35299820900; 7004629002; 8764087600; 35216145800; 14050522100; 56118600700; 58095754900; 57203234808; 55913343900; 57544565000; 7003604949; 57203250534; 15770290900; 6602930238; 57190439701; 7006538931; 8842216700; 6506955003; 36490343100; 55337191500; 7402364894; 57225899623; 57190443165; 8915699600; 7004160690; 57219119015; 56881732300; 15129157800; 48663031800; 36844794400; 57218941481; 60098455000; 14063887300; 54797318800; 6701484532; 55845420026; 55435714500; 6602208520; 6602315420; 14823864100; 58502049600; 57220082325; 55414427600; 35314080800; 58937209900; 56768046600; 7004109829; 17436196900; 57203391123; 57191960842; 6602565951; 6506892358; 57191419742; 60212929500; 56286395400; 59730206000; 7101771030; 56273947300; 8042894900; 7005350024; 55158076000; 9333441800; 46461103400; 56818885600; 6602409206; 36905906400; 6603819488; 6602458029; 9337037600; 9244606800; 58696967900; 58073729200; 24279354600; 6506425834; 57845873200; 26326923900; 7101983827; 59146418100; 57220131178; 57203270249; 57222902516; 56512377200; 7005050491; 35194662000; 7003963996; 57203063840; 35387346400; 57190942170; 42260895600; 36730729100; 6701547091; 7102844957; 7102798954; 23027139300; 35789534500; 56426999100; 14820320500; 59421337500; 7006764136; 7405386498; 57214989073; 36195346900; 57193874792; 57226191281; 57211860571; 7103030457; 56653598400; 57216741288; 58621464800; 9335763100; 35112881300; 34569356300; 35072386500; 7003369464; 57199061795; 55976971800; 7401603740; 24074399500; 7006314412; 7004293616; 57200793436; 57193553705; 58112082700; 57189231035; 7003900144; 57322480400; 7004144883; 7003645652; 57193849410; 8703100100; 7801607411; 55944081300; 56242244500; 15131601400; 58030558500; 7202545187; 36674792500; 6603265387; 8833942900; 55741929700; 35239938700; 36966126400; 59774401700; 57218097629; 56153170500; 56403277600; 26642611400; 57193558463; 57213763435; 57219756241; 57193556700; 59464420900; 57219691072; 6701851021; 55886521200; 57218549969; 57210924350; 6508080858; 35490928600; 6701309093; 7004197698; 17346045900; 6701685211; 6603292899; 22951241500; 56383649900; 55246080700; 7006221760; 57218766355; 35422761600; 57189089616; 57220897961; 55885031100; 58127526800; 57192212259; 7003762062; 56285291900; 16031797900; 56993656500; 56187440700; 55672552800; 58182594100; 10642144300; 35401143000; 57207198854; 22836264500; 6701410946; 57201003368; 58696967800; 55965473600; 55888485900; 55370653600; 35417736300; 57211858405; 6603851717; 59735517100; 56448179900; 57132747000; 58483607200; 6504758580; 57188565951; 14632583100; 57215412075; 55195649400; 35463408300; 55365150900; 23983560400; 7404952697
Journal: 26750
Published: 2026
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554585
We present the results of the single-component Sérsic profile fitting for the magnitude-limited sample of IE < 23 galaxies within the 63.1 deg2 area of the Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). The associated morphological catalogue includes two sets of structural parameters fitted using SourceXtractor++: one for VIS IE images and one for a combination of three NISP images in YE, JE, and HE bands. We compared the resulting Sérsic parameters to other morphological measurements provided in the Q1 data release and to the equivalent parameters based on higher-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging. These comparisons confirmed the consistency and the reliability of the fits to Q1 data. Our analysis of colour gradients shows that NISP profiles systematically have smaller effective radii (Re) and larger Sérsic indices (n) than in VIS. In addition, we highlight trends in NISP-to-VIS parameter ratios with both magnitude and nVIS. From the 2D bimodality of the (u − r) colour-log(n) plane, we defined a (u − r)lim(n) that separates early- and late-type galaxies (ETGs and LTGs). We used the two sub-populations to examine the variations of n across well-known scaling relations at z < 1. The ETGs display a steeper size–stellar mass relation than the LTGs, indicating a difference in the main drivers of their mass assembly. Similarly, LTGs and ETGs occupy different parts of the stellar mass–star-formation rate plane, with ETGs at higher masses than LTGs and further below the main sequence of star-forming galaxies. This clear separation highlights the link known between the shutdown of star formation and morphological transformations in the Euclid imaging data set. In conclusion, our analysis demonstrates both the robustness of the Sérsic fits available in the Q1 morphological catalogue and the wealth of information they provide for studies of galaxy evolution with Euclid.
Volume: 711
Keywords: galaxies: evolution; galaxies: statistics; galaxies: structure;
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): XXXI. LEMON – LEns MOdelling with Neural networks. Automated and fast modelling of Euclid gravitational lenses with singular isothermal ellipsoid mass profile
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche; ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS###0004-6361; 58544914400; 55929371000; 7101983827; 56118600700; 7005525798; 57851709700; 7801607411; 57477518400; 57201285159; 55731742600; 6507131754; 6602116553; 8856476200; 57191290632; 23100209800; 57199319204; 7404952697; 56149076900; 55886521200; 6701390827; 6701409861; 14629998500; 56176939800; 35241679100; 57220414927; 24482926400; 57225389323; 35421870300; 7004185737; 6701447926; 7004168457; 7004279376; 35117442400; 57219376526; 56592859600; 8316050500; 7004719199; 57193414472; 57090221700; 24439181000; 55948641800; 54924573500; 7007018277; 56260193000; 55543336500; 37121732700; 7003910265; 6507398813; 55757270100; 59636105400; 7004529134; 26663174300; 6603213706; 22940235700; 6602521535; 7006071419; 57212263363; 6701458135; 6506323808; 6601991850; 6602678698; 6602348000; 56181792800; 57202592808; 24587025200; 9639653200; 56239931500; 36627225700; 6506341877; 56592156500; 14630273900; 57206536839; 8724245000; 36657273100; 8527480900; 12809267200; 22979454100; 9270789600; 14008117700; 6603519641; 7202555066; 7006022077; 16024707000; 6603380199; 36663730200; 55539553700; 35425530800; 23485209600; 55885669700; 35227493200; 37123976000; 55578049300; 56216916000; 7102120605; 6603602446; 58754493800; 6603205767; 6603770482; 56403356600; 36195926600; 35070066100; 14058603600; 10239419900; 14025617800; 6506385309; 36933808800; 56463558800; 55779479900; 13407562800; 7102174334; 56229506700; 14056466700; 7102846243; 55665939900; 14832846900; 7004208543; 7102775303; 35299820900; 7004629002; 8764087600; 35216145800; 14050522100; 58095754900; 57203234808; 55913343900; 57544565000; 57203250534; 15770290900; 6602930238; 57190439701; 7006538931; 8842216700; 6506955003; 36490343100; 55337191500; 7402364894; 57225899623; 57190443165; 8915699600; 7004160690; 57219119015; 56881732300; 15129157800; 48663031800; 36844794400; 8833942000; 57218941481; 13407890400; 14063887300; 6506381727; 54797318800; 6701484532; 55845420026; 55435714500; 6602208520; 6602315420; 8789254100; 14823864100; 58502049600; 57220082325; 55414427600; 58937209900; 7004109829; 17436196900; 57203391123; 57191960842; 6602565951; 6506892358; 57191419742; 56286395400; 59730206000; 7101771030; 8042894900; 9333441800; 46461103400; 56818885600; 6602409206; 36905906400; 6603819488; 6602458029; 57198031424; 9244606800; 58696967900; 58073729200; 23050749700; 57845873200; 26326923900; 6603351766; 59146418100; 57220131178; 57203270249; 56512377200; 35194662000; 7003963996; 57203063840; 35387346400; 57719423900; 57190942170; 42260895600; 36730729100; 6701547091; 23027139300; 35789534500; 14820320500; 59421337500; 7006764136; 7405386498; 57214989073; 57193874792; 57226191281; 9337037600; 57211860571; 7103030457; 56653598400; 58621464800; 56614074300; 57216129429; 35112881300; 34569356300; 7003369464; 57199061795; 55976971800; 24074399500; 7006314412; 56925206200; 57200793436; 57193553705; 58112082700; 57189231035; 7003900144; 57322480400; 7004144883; 7003645652; 57193849410; 8703100100; 55944081300; 56242244500; 7005222927; 15131601400; 58030558500; 7202545187; 36674792500; 24279354600; 55505778800; 6603265387; 8833942900; 55741929700; 36966126400; 59774401700; 57218097629; 56153170500; 56403277600; 26642611400; 57193558463; 7005254067; 57892676500; 57213763435; 57219756241; 57193556700; 59464420900; 6701851021; 57218549969; 36602942600; 57210924350; 6508080858; 35490928600; 6701309093; 6701685211; 6603292899; 6506425834; 22951241500; 56383649900; 55246080700; 7006221760; 57218766355; 35422761600; 42262265600; 57189089616; 9272122900; 57220897961; 55885031100; 58127526800; 57192212259; 7003762062; 56285291900; 16031797900; 56993656500; 56187440700; 57222902516; 55672552800; 58182594100; 10642144300; 57207198854; 57201003368; 56186567400; 58696967800; 55965473600; 7005050491; 55370653600; 7004680980; 57211858405; 7102146471; 6603851717; 59735517100; 56448179900; 57132747000; 58483607200; 6504758580; 57188565951; 14632583100; 55822387500; 57215412075; 55195649400; 35463408300
Journal: 26750
Published: 2026
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554538
The Euclid mission aims to survey around 14 000 deg2 of extragalactic sky, providing around 105 gravitational lens images. Modelling of gravitational lenses is fundamental to estimate the total mass of the lens galaxy, along with its dark matter content. Traditional modelling of gravitational lenses is computationally intensive and requires manual input. In this paper, we use a Bayesian neural network, LEns MOdelling with Neural networks (LEMON), to model Euclid gravitational lenses with a singular isothermal ellipsoid mass profile. Our method estimates key lens mass profile parameters, such as the Einstein radius, while also predicting the light parameters of foreground galaxies and their uncertainties. We validate LEMON’s performance on both mock Euclid datasets, real lenses observed with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) that have been degraded to match observations with the same depth of the Euclid Wide Survey, and real Euclid lenses, demonstrating the ability of LEMON to predict parameters of both simulated and real lenses. Results show promising accuracy and reliability in predicting the Einstein radius, mass and light ellipticities, effective radius, Sérsic index, lens magnitude, and unlensed source position for simulated lens galaxies. The application to real data, including the latest Quick Release 1 strong lens candidates, provides encouraging results in the recovery of the parameters for real lenses. We also verified that LEMON has the potential to accelerate traditional modelling methods, by giving to the classical optimiser the LEMON predictions as starting points, resulting in a speed-up of up to 26 times the original time needed to model a sample of gravitational lenses, a result that would be impossible with randomly initialised guesses. Moreover, LEMON can be used to cross-validate results from the traditional modelling methods, and thus has the potential to reduce the failure rate of the Euclid modelling pipeline. This work represents a significant step towards efficient, automated gravitational lens modelling, which is crucial for handling the large data volumes expected from Euclid.
Volume: 711
Keywords: cD; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; gravitational lensing: strong; methods: data analysis;
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): XXXIII. The first catalogue of strong-lensing galaxy clusters
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche; ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS###0004-6361; 57194590572; 7005525798; 57188639623; 55731742600; 6602409206; 23469392100; 7101924117; 56228966200; 58090912100; 57200294162; 57221950386; 6602458029; 58419113700; 35112881300; 55668778200; 59773938400; 7006314412; 60121655900; 57218283726; 7801607411; 57226400265; 57213830231; 55539553700; 55886521200; 58521236800; 56274915100; 57188806951; 57205730219; 7101983827; 55798121500; 60121993500; 58250422500; 14627922300; 55932248600; 59317261300; 22836264500; 8833942000; 57211567711; 13204971700; 7406740762; 55929371000; 55822387500; 8270263200; 57535859700; 58283672000; 55443707500; 6701390827; 6701409861; 14629998500; 57194514014; 56176939800; 8651648800; 35241679100; 57220414927; 24482926400; 6505819655; 57225389323; 58849865400; 35421870300; 7102960752; 7004185737; 55600275300; 6602293713; 6701447926; 7004168457; 7004279376; 55543112300; 35117442400; 57219376526; 56592859600; 8316050500; 57193414472; 57090221700; 7004614794; 24439181000; 55948641800; 54924573500; 7007018277; 56260193000; 55543336500; 37121732700; 7003910265; 6507398813; 55757270100; 8856476200; 59636105400; 7004529134; 26663174300; 6603213706; 6602521535; 7006071419; 38961266500; 6701458135; 6506323808; 6601991850; 6602678698; 57198386027; 6602348000; 24461026200; 56181792800; 57202592808; 24587025200; 9639653200; 56239931500; 6701688696; 36627225700; 6506341877; 56592156500; 24173378000; 14630273900; 57206536839; 36657273100; 8527480900; 57203599140; 12809267200; 22979454100; 9270789600; 14008117700; 9337191600; 6603519641; 7102513091; 7202555066; 16024707000; 6603380199; 36663730200; 35425530800; 23485209600; 55885669700; 35227493200; 37123976000; 6701865592; 6506922416; 55578049300; 7003478641; 56216916000; 7102120605; 6603602446; 7005760971; 7003825248; 60719245100; 56149076900; 6603623670; 6602251719; 6603205767; 6603770482; 56403356600; 36195926600; 35070066100; 14058603600; 10239419900; 14025617800; 57815020000; 6506385309; 56463558800; 55779479900; 13407562800; 7102174334; 56229506700; 14056466700; 7102846243; 36542679900; 55665939900; 14832846900; 7004208543; 7102775303; 35299820900; 7004629002; 60121993600; 8764087600; 35216145800; 7006833728; 14050522100; 56118600700; 58095754900; 57203234808; 55913343900; 57544565000; 7003604949; 57203250534; 15770290900; 6602930238; 57190439701; 7006538931; 8842216700; 6506955003; 36490343100; 55337191500; 7402364894; 57225899623; 57190443165; 8915699600; 6603044987; 7004160690; 57219119015; 15129157800; 48663031800; 36844794400; 57218941481; 14063887300; 54797318800; 6701484532; 55845420026; 55435714500; 6602208520; 6602315420; 57194728774; 14823864100; 58502049600; 57220082325; 55414427600; 35314080800; 58937209900; 56768046600; 7004109829; 17436196900; 57203391123; 57194416363; 57191960842; 6701439004; 6602565951; 6506892358; 57191419742; 60212929500; 56286395400; 59730206000; 7101771030; 56273947300; 8042894900; 7005350024; 9333441800; 46461103400; 56818885600; 36905906400; 6603819488; 9337037600; 58848684700; 9244606800; 58696967900; 58073729200; 6506425834; 57845873200; 23393165800; 26326923900; 6603351766; 59146418100; 57220131178; 57203270249; 57222902516; 56512377200; 7005050491; 35194662000; 7003963996; 57203063840; 35387346400; 57190942170; 42260895600; 36730729100; 6701547091; 7102844957; 7102798954; 23027139300; 35789534500; 14820320500; 59421337500; 7005840588; 7006764136; 7405386498; 57214989073; 57193874792; 57226191281; 57211860571; 7103030457; 56653598400; 58621464800; 34569356300; 35072386500; 7003369464; 57199061795; 55976971800; 7401603740; 24074399500; 7004293616; 57200793436; 57193553705; 58112082700; 57189231035; 7003900144; 55420010100; 57322480400; 7004144883; 7003645652; 57193849410; 8703100100; 55944081300; 56242244500; 7005222927; 7404584619; 15131601400; 58030558500; 7202545187; 36674792500; 24279354600; 6603265387; 8833942900; 55741929700; 35239938700; 35748664400; 36966126400; 59774401700; 57218097629; 56153170500; 56403277600; 26642611400; 57193558463; 57892676500; 57213763435; 57219756241; 57193556700; 59464420900; 57219691072; 6701851021; 57218549969; 36602942600; 57210924350; 6508080858; 35490928600; 6701309093; 6701685211; 6603292899; 22951241500; 56383649900; 35092838400; 55246080700; 7006221760; 57218766355; 35422761600; 57219752207; 42262265600; 57189089616; 57220897961; 55885031100; 58127526800; 57192212259; 7003762062; 56285291900; 16031797900; 56993656500; 56187440700; 36495525900; 55672552800; 7003352706; 58182594100; 10642144300; 35401143000; 57207198854; 57201003368; 56186567400; 58696967800; 55965473600; 55888485900; 55370653600; 35417736300; 57211858405; 7102146471; 6603851717; 59735517100; 56448179900; 57132747000; 58483607200; 6504758580; 57188565951; 14632583100; 57215412075; 55195649400; 35463408300; 23983560400; 7404952697
Journal: 26750
Published: 2026
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554577
We present the first catalogue of strong-lensing galaxy clusters identified in the Euclid Quick Release 1 observations (covering 63.1‚ÄÜdeg2). This catalogue is the result of the visual inspection of 1260 Euclid image cutouts of previously identified galaxy clusters. Each galaxy cluster was assigned a lensing score, ùí´lens, derived from the aggregated votes of multiple visual inspectors, the majority of whom possess extensive expertise in strong gravitational lensing. Votes were assigned based on the assessed credibility and plausibility of the identified strong-lensing features. Specifically, we identified 83 gravitational lenses with ùí´lens‚ÄÑ>‚ÄÑ0.5, of which 14 have ùí´lens‚ÄÑ=‚ÄÑ1 and clearly exhibit secure strong-lensing features, such as giant tangential and radial arcs, and multiple images. Considering the measured number density of lensing galaxy clusters, approximately 0.3‚ÄÜdeg‚àí2 for ùí´lens‚ÄÑ>‚ÄÑ0.9, we predict that Euclid will likely observe more than 4500 strong-lensing clusters over the course of the mission. Notably, only three of the identified cluster-scale lenses had previously been observed from space. Thus, Euclid has provided the first high-resolution imaging for the remaining 80 strong-lensing galaxy cluster candidates, including those with the highest scores. The identified strong-lensing features will be used to train deep-learning models to automatically identify gravitational arcs and multiple images in the Euclid observations. This study confirms the great potential of Euclid for finding new strong-lensing clusters, enabling exciting new discoveries on the nature of dark matter and dark energy and the study of the high-redshift Universe.
Volume: 711
Keywords: cosmology: observations; dark matter; galaxies: clusters: general; gravitational lensing: strong;
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): XXX. The Strong Lensing Discovery Engine E – Ensemble classification of strong gravitational lenses: lessons for Data Release 1★
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche; ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS###0004-6361; 57473067700; 7401938216; 57191290632; 9239802400; 23968123900; 58911394800; 59208171800; 55886521200; 57205730219; 59724480100; 57535859700; 58666622600; 57190942170; 58090912100; 58521236800; 57193489486; 7101983827; 55932248600; 55731742600; 6603213706; 8856476200; 55668778200; 7801607411; 57211567711; 58419113700; 13204971700; 55929371000; 36237905600; 57200031027; 57218283726; 8527480900; 9337191600; 57213830231; 55539553700; 57193558463; 57188806951; 57203916956; 7004614529; 57199319204; 59317261300; 57539221800; 22836264500; 7003485288; 42962524600; 49362192900; 57198020851; 7003305712; 57212384492; 55443707500; 6701390827; 6701409861; 14629998500; 56176939800; 8651648800; 35241679100; 57220414927; 24482926400; 6505819655; 57225389323; 35421870300; 7102960752; 7004185737; 55600275300; 6701447926; 7004168457; 7004279376; 35117442400; 57219376526; 56592859600; 8316050500; 7004719199; 57193414472; 24439181000; 55948641800; 54924573500; 7007018277; 56260193000; 55543336500; 37121732700; 7003910265; 6507398813; 55757270100; 59636105400; 7004529134; 26663174300; 6602521535; 7006071419; 38961266500; 6701458135; 6506323808; 55978579700; 6601991850; 6602678698; 57198386027; 6602348000; 56181792800; 57202592808; 24587025200; 9639653200; 56239931500; 36627225700; 6506341877; 56592156500; 24173378000; 14630273900; 57206536839; 36657273100; 57203599140; 12809267200; 22979454100; 9270789600; 14008117700; 6603519641; 10240830400; 7202555066; 16024707000; 6603380199; 36663730200; 35425530800; 23485209600; 55885669700; 35227493200; 37123976000; 55578049300; 56216916000; 7102120605; 6603602446; 58754493800; 56149076900; 6603623670; 6603205767; 6603770482; 56403356600; 36195926600; 35070066100; 14058603600; 10239419900; 14025617800; 57815020000; 6506385309; 56463558800; 55779479900; 13407562800; 7102174334; 56229506700; 14056466700; 7102846243; 36542679900; 55665939900; 7005525798; 14832846900; 7004208543; 7102775303; 35299820900; 7004629002; 8764087600; 35216145800; 7006833728; 14050522100; 56118600700; 58095754900; 57203234808; 55913343900; 57544565000; 7003604949; 57203250534; 15770290900; 6602930238; 57190439701; 7006538931; 8842216700; 6506955003; 36490343100; 55337191500; 7402364894; 57225899623; 57190443165; 8915699600; 7004160690; 57219119015; 15129157800; 48663031800; 36844794400; 57218941481; 14063887300; 54797318800; 55845420026; 55435714500; 6602208520; 6602315420; 14823864100; 58502049600; 57220082325; 55414427600; 58937209900; 7004109829; 17436196900; 57203391123; 57191960842; 6701439004; 6602565951; 6506892358; 57191419742; 60212929500; 56286395400; 59730206000; 7101771030; 56273947300; 8042894900; 7005350024; 9333441800; 46461103400; 56818885600; 6602409206; 36905906400; 6603819488; 6602458029; 9337037600; 9244606800; 58696967900; 58073729200; 23050749700; 6506425834; 57845873200; 26326923900; 6603351766; 59146418100; 57220131178; 57203270249; 57222902516; 56512377200; 7005050491; 35194662000; 7003963996; 57203063840; 35387346400; 42260895600; 36730729100; 6701547091; 7102844957; 7102798954; 57194590572; 23027139300; 35789534500; 14820320500; 59421337500; 7006764136; 7405386498; 57214989073; 57193874792; 57211860571; 7103030457; 56653598400; 58621464800; 35112881300; 34569356300; 35072386500; 7003369464; 57199061795; 55976971800; 7401603740; 24074399500; 7006314412; 7004293616; 57200793436; 57193553705; 58112082700; 57189231035; 7003900144; 55420010100; 57322480400; 7004144883; 7003645652; 57193849410; 8703100100; 55944081300; 56242244500; 7005222927; 15131601400; 7202545187; 36674792500; 24279354600; 6603265387; 8833942900; 55741929700; 36966126400; 59774401700; 57218097629; 56153170500; 56403277600; 26642611400; 57892676500; 57213763435; 57219756241; 57193556700; 59464420900; 57219691072; 6701851021; 57218549969; 57210924350; 6508080858; 35490928600; 6701309093; 7004197698; 6701685211; 6603292899; 22951241500; 56383649900; 55246080700; 7006221760; 58848224900; 57218766355; 35422761600; 57189089616; 57220897961; 55885031100; 58127526800; 57192212259; 7003762062; 56285291900; 16031797900; 56993656500; 56187440700; 58182594100; 10642144300; 35401143000; 57207198854; 57201003368; 58696967800; 55965473600; 55370653600; 57211858405; 6603851717; 59735517100; 56448179900; 57132747000; 58483607200; 6504758580; 57188565951; 14632583100; 55822387500; 57215412075; 55195649400; 35463408300; 7404952697
Journal: 26750
Published: 2026
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554617
The Euclid Wide Survey (EWS) is expected to identify in the order of 100 000 galaxy-galaxy strong lenses across 14 000deg2. The Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1) of 63.1deg2 Euclid images provides an excellent opportunity to test our lens-finding ability, and to verify the anticipated lens frequency in the EWS. Following the Q1 data release, eight machine learning networks from five teams were applied to approximately one million images. This was followed by a citizen science inspection of a subset of around 100 000 images, of which 65% received high network scores, with the remainder randomly selected. The top scoring outputs were inspected by experts to establish confident (grade A), likely (grade B), possible (grade C), and unlikely lenses. In this paper we combine the citizen science and machine learning classifiers into an ensemble, demonstrating that a combined approach can produce a purer and more complete sample than the original individual classifiers. Using the expert-graded subset as ground truth, we find that this ensemble can provide a purity of 52 ± 2% (grade A/B lenses) with 50% completeness (for context, due to the rarity of lenses a random classifier would have a purity of 0.05% and the best machine learning network in this work achieved 7.3% purity for the same completeness). We discuss future lessons for the first major Euclid data release (DR1), where the big-data challenges will become more significant and will require analysing more than ∼300 million galaxies, and thus the time investment of both experts and citizens must be carefully managed.
Volume: 711
Keywords: gravitational lensing: strong; methods: data analysis; methods: statistical;
Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): XXVI. The Strong Lensing Discovery Engine A – System overview and first lens sample★
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche; ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS###0004-6361; 57191290632; 57473067700; 59208171800; 55932248600; 58911394800; 7401938216; 58521236800; 56118600700; 55668778200; 57211567711; 7801607411; 57193489486; 7101983827; 57190942170; 55886521200; 57205730219; 58666622600; 59724480100; 57535859700; 58544914400; 55929371000; 58090912100; 6701458135; 59317261300; 57199319204; 9239802400; 23968123900; 57204700965; 12809267200; 54787290500; 56800920800; 24426754000; 56800306600; 57193558463; 59936695900; 55731742600; 6603213706; 8856476200; 25640885400; 57090221700; 8680454200; 7006314412; 57200031027; 57218283726; 8527480900; 57213830231; 55539553700; 59936599000; 57196642780; 59932604100; 57188806951; 57203916956; 58419113700; 7004614529; 57539221800; 57210265918; 13204971700; 42962524600; 49362192900; 7003485288; 57198020851; 7003305712; 8270263200; 57212384492; 55443707500; 6701390827; 6701409861; 14629998500; 56176939800; 8651648800; 35241679100; 57220414927; 24482926400; 6505819655; 57225389323; 35421870300; 7003804366; 7004185737; 55600275300; 6602293713; 6701447926; 7004168457; 7004279376; 35117442400; 57219376526; 56592859600; 8316050500; 7004719199; 57193414472; 7004614794; 24439181000; 55948641800; 54924573500; 7007018277; 56260193000; 55543336500; 37121732700; 7003910265; 6507398813; 55757270100; 56018146100; 59636105400; 7004529134; 26663174300; 6602521535; 7006071419; 38961266500; 6506323808; 55978579700; 6601991850; 57198386027; 6602348000; 24461026200; 56181792800; 57202592808; 24587025200; 56239931500; 36627225700; 6506341877; 56592156500; 24173378000; 14630273900; 57206536839; 8724245000; 36657273100; 57203599140; 22979454100; 9270789600; 14008117700; 9337191600; 6602694835; 6603519641; 7102513091; 7202555066; 7006022077; 16024707000; 6603380199; 36663730200; 35425530800; 23485209600; 55885669700; 35227493200; 37123976000; 55578049300; 56216916000; 7102120605; 6603602446; 7005760971; 58754493800; 56149076900; 6603623670; 6603205767; 6603770482; 56403356600; 36195926600; 35070066100; 14058603600; 10239419900; 14025617800; 57815020000; 6506385309; 56463558800; 55779479900; 13407562800; 7102174334; 56229506700; 8058520300; 14056466700; 7102846243; 55665939900; 7005525798; 14832846900; 7004208543; 7102775303; 35299820900; 7004629002; 8764087600; 35216145800; 7006833728; 14050522100; 58095754900; 57203234808; 55913343900; 57544565000; 7003604949; 57203250534; 15770290900; 6602930238; 57190439701; 7006538931; 8842216700; 6506955003; 36490343100; 55337191500; 7402364894; 57225899623; 57190443165; 8915699600; 7004160690; 57219119015; 56881732300; 15129157800; 48663031800; 36844794400; 8833942000; 57218941481; 13407890400; 14063887300; 54797318800; 6701484532; 55845420026; 55435714500; 6602208520; 6602315420; 57194728774; 14823864100; 58502049600; 57220082325; 55414427600; 58937209900; 56768046600; 7004109829; 17436196900; 57203391123; 57191960842; 6701439004; 6602565951; 6506892358; 57191419742; 60212929500; 56286395400; 59730206000; 7101771030; 56273947300; 8042894900; 7005350024; 9333441800; 46461103400; 56818885600; 6602409206; 36905906400; 6603819488; 6602458029; 9337037600; 9244606800; 58696967900; 58073729200; 23050749700; 6506425834; 57845873200; 26326923900; 59146418100; 57220131178; 57203270249; 57222902516; 56512377200; 7005050491; 35194662000; 7003963996; 57203063840; 35387346400; 42260895600; 36730729100; 6701547091; 7102844957; 7102798954; 57194590572; 23027139300; 35789534500; 59421337500; 7006764136; 7405386498; 57214989073; 57193874792; 57226191281; 57211860571; 7103030457; 56653598400; 57216741288; 58621464800; 35112881300; 34569356300; 35072386500; 7003369464; 57199061795; 55976971800; 7401603740; 24074399500; 57200793436; 57193553705; 58112082700; 7003900144; 55420010100; 57322480400; 7004144883; 7003645652; 57193849410; 8703100100; 55944081300; 56242244500; 15131601400; 58030558500; 7202545187; 36674792500; 24279354600; 55505778800; 6603265387; 8833942900; 55741929700; 36966126400; 59774401700; 57218097629; 56153170500; 56403277600; 26642611400; 57892676500; 57213763435; 57219756241; 57193556700; 59464420900; 57219691072; 6701851021; 57218549969; 57210924350; 6508080858; 35490928600; 6701309093; 7004197698; 6701685211; 6603292899; 22951241500; 56383649900; 55246080700; 7006221760; 57218766355; 35422761600; 57219752207; 42262265600; 57189089616; 57220897961; 55885031100; 58127526800; 57192212259; 7003762062; 56285291900; 16031797900; 56993656500; 56187440700; 55672552800; 58182594100; 10642144300; 35401143000; 57207198854; 22836264500; 6701410946; 57201003368; 58696967800; 55965473600; 55888485900; 55370653600; 57211858405; 6603851717; 59735517100; 56448179900; 57132747000; 58483607200; 6504758580; 57188565951; 14632583100; 55822387500; 57215412075; 55195649400; 35463408300; 7404952697
Journal: 26750
Published: 2026
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202555141
We present a catalogue of 497 galaxy-galaxy strong lenses in the Euclid Quick Release 1 data (63 deg2). In the initial 0.45% of Euclid’s surveys, we double the total number of known lens candidates with space-based imaging. Our catalogue includes 250 grade A candidates, the vast majority of which (243) were previously unpublished. Euclid’s resolution reveals rare lens configurations of scientific value, including double-source-plane lenses, edge-on lenses, complete Einstein rings, and quadruply imaged lenses. We resolve lenses with small Einstein radii (θE < 1″) in large numbers for the first time. These lenses were found through an initial sweep by deep learning models followed by Space Warps citizen scientist inspection, expert vetting, and system-by-system modelling. Our search approach scales straightforwardly to Euclid Data Release 1 and, without changes, would yield approximately 7000 high-confidence (grade A or B) lens candidates by late 2026. Further extrapolating to the complete Euclid Wide Survey implies a likely yield of over 100 000 high-confidence candidates, transforming strong lensing science.
Volume: 711
Keywords: catalogs; gravitational lensing: strong; methods: statistical;
AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche – publisher
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche
AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche – EDP Sciences
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche
AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche – EDP Sciences
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche
AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche||AREA MIN. 02 – Scienze fisiche – EDP Sciences
Authors: AREA MIN. 02 - Scienze fisiche
Non assegn||AREA MIN. 07 – Scienze agrarie e veterinarie – XXXIV Congresso Nazionale della Società Italiana di Parassitologia
Authors: Non assegn; AREA MIN. 07 - Scienze agrarie e veterinarie