Publications

Background: The provision of sufficient basal insulin to normalize fasting plasma glucose levels may reduce cardiovascular events, but such a possibility has not been formally tested. Methods: We randomly assigned 12,537 people (mean age, 63.5 years) with cardiovascular risk factors plus impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2 diabetes to receive insulin glargine (with a target fasting blood glucose level of ≤95 mg per deciliter [5.3 mmol per liter]) or standard care and to receive n-3 fatty acids or placebo with the use of a 2-by-2 factorial design. The results of the comparison between insulin glargine and standard care are reported here. The coprimary outcomes were nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes and these events plus revascularization or hospitalization for heart failure. Microvascular outcomes, incident diabetes, hypoglycemia, weight, and cancers were also compared between groups. Results: The median follow-up was 6.2 years (interquartile range, 5.8 to 6.7). Rates of incident cardiovascular outcomes were similar in the insulin-glargine and standard-care groups: 2.94 and 2.85 per 100 person-years, respectively, for the first coprimary outcome (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94 to 1.11; P = 0.63) and 5.52 and 5.28 per 100 person-years, respectively, for the second coprimary outcome (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.11; P = 0.27). New diabetes was diagnosed approximately 3 months after therapy was stopped among 30% versus 35% of 1456 participants without baseline diabetes (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.00; P = 0.05). Rates of severe hypoglycemia were 1.00 versus 0.31 per 100 person-years. Median weight increased by 1.6 kg in the insulin-glargine group and fell by 0.5 kg in the standard-care group. There was no significant difference in cancers (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.13; P = 0.97). Conclusions: When used to target normal fasting plasma glucose levels for more than 6 years, insulin glargine had a neutral effect on cardiovascular outcomes and cancers. Although it reduced new-onset diabetes, insulin glargine also increased hypoglycemia and modestly increased weight.

Authors: publisher Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia; 2012 Dept Med; Populat Hlth Res Inst; Dept Med

Journal: Basal Insulin and Cardiovascular and Other Outcomes in Dysglycemia

Published: Gerstein, HC; Bosch, J; Dagenais, GR; Díaz, R; Jung, HJ; Maggioni, AP; Pogue, J; Probstfield, J; Ramachandran, A; Riddle, MC; Rydén, LE; Yusuf, S;

DOI: false

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Volume: https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1203858?articleTools=true

Keywords: 2012

Introduction: The clinical course of late-onset Pompe disease is heterogeneous, and new clinical outcome measures are needed to evaluate enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Methods: We correlated the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Walton and Gardner-Medwin (WGM) score, and GSGC (Gait, Stairs, Gower, Chair) scores in 40 patients. Results: At baseline, the GSGC score correlated with both WGM (P < 0.001, n = 33) and 6MWT (P < 0.001, n = 26). After 1 year of ERT, we observed a significant change in gait, stairs and chair performance on the GSGC scale. The 6MWT significantly increased from 319 to 371 meters in 32 patients, and the WGM score was reduced. Conclusions: GSGC is a group of functional tests that requires only a few minutes to perform, therefore, this score might be a good indicator to be used in future studies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Authors: repository New motor outcome function measures in evaluation of Late-Onset Pompe disease before and after enzyme replacement therapy; 2012 Dept Neurosci; Dept Neurosci; Dept Publ Hlth & Neurosci; Osped Maggiore Policlin; Dept Neurosci Psychiat & Anaesthesiol; Dept Neurol Sci & Vis; Univ Hosp; Dept Neuromuscular Dis; IBM CNR Pneumol 1; Neuromuscular Unit; Ctr Neuromuscular Dis

Journal: cc-by

Published: Angelini, C; Semplicini, C; Ravaglia, S; Moggio, M; Comi, GP; Musumeci, O; Pegoraro, E; Tonin, P; Filosto, M; Servidei, S; Morandi, L; Crescimanno, G; Marrosu, G; Siciliano, G; Mongini, T; Toscano, A;

DOI: false

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Volume: Angelini||Semplicini||Ravaglia||Moggio||Comi||Musumeci||Pegoraro||Tonin||Filosto||Servidei||Morandi||Crescimanno||Marrosu||Siciliano||Mongini||Toscano||Sette||Tugnoli||Parini||Rigoldi||Donati||Gasperini||Vercelli||Barca||Di Giacopo||Pasanisi||Bembi||Lucchini||Piras||Ricci||Di Iorio||Diodato||Carubbi||Ariatti Pages: 109486218||104532509||104532509||103618674||109486218||104638537||109420305||112304867||103893880||104639508||109521754||107934033||103618674-green

Keywords: 2012

AREA MIN. 09 – Ingegneria industriale e dell’informazione – ITA||AUT||ESP||IND

Authors: AREA MIN. 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione; ITA; AUT; ESP; IND; title_year; MATCH; 1775143536569; 1

Published: Proceedings of the TOBI Workshop III

AREA MIN. 09 – Ingegneria industriale e dell’informazione – ITA||AUT||CHE||DEU||ESP||GBR

Authors: AREA MIN. 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione; ITA; AUT; CHE; DEU; ESP; GBR; title_year; MATCH; 1775143626825; 1

Published: Proceedings of the TOBI Workshop III

AREA MIN. 09 – Ingegneria industriale e dell’informazione – ITA||AUT||CHE||ESP||GBR||GRC

Authors: AREA MIN. 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione; ITA; AUT; CHE; ESP; GBR; GRC; ERROR; 1775143580410; 1

Published: Proceedings of the TOBI Workshop III

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Authors: publisher Virtual reality for the rehabilitation of the upper limb motor function after stroke: A prospective controlled trial; 2013 Dept Stat

Journal: Virtual reality for the rehabilitation of the upper limb motor function after stroke: a prospective controlled trial

Published: Turolla, A; Dam, M; Ventura, L; Tonin, P; Agostini, M; Zucconi, C; Kiper, P; Cagnin, A; Piron, L;

DOI: true

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Volume: https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1743-0003-10-85 Pages: 112708805||113761682-gold

Keywords: 2013

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces prolonged functional changes in the cerebral cortex in normal conditions and in altered states of consciousness. Its therapeutic effects have been variously documented. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the reactivity of electroencephalography (EEG) and the clinical response in six severely brain-injured patients in an altered state of consciousness (minimally conscious state [MCS] or vegetative state [VS]). EEG rhythm and brain excitability were measured before and after a protocol of high-frequency rTMS. Methods All six patients underwent clinical and neurophysiological evaluation before rTMS and immediately thereafter. EEG data in resting state were acquired at the beginning of the exam (T0), after rTMS (T1), and 38 min after rTMS (T2). From these data the power values were computed using Fast Fourier Transform. Results rTMS over the motor cortex induced long-lasting behavioral and neurophysiological modifications in only one patient in MCS. No significant clinical or EEG modifications were detected in any of the other patients, except for changes in motor threshold and motor evoked potential amplitude over the stimulated motor areas. Conclusions The main finding of the study is the correlation between EEG reactivity and clinical response after rTMS. Reappearance of fast activity and an increase in slow activity were noted in the one patient with transitory arousal, whereas no significant reliable changes were observed in the other patients showing no clinical reactivity. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Authors: publisher Effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain excitability in severely brain-injured patients in minimally conscious or vegetative state; 2013 Clin Neurophysiol & Funct Neuroimaging Unit; Dept Neurophysiol; Clin Neurophysiol & Funct Neuroimaging Unit

Journal: Effect of High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Brain Excitability in Severely Brain-Injured Patients in Minimally Conscious or Vegetative State

Published: Manganotti, P; Formaggio, E; Storti, SF; Fiaschi, A; Battistin, L; Tonin, P; Piccione, F; Cavinato, M;

DOI: true

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Volume: http://www.brainstimjrnl.com/article/S1935861X13002192/pdf Pages: 113008756||113008756||109941187||113008756||113008756||113008756||113008756||113008756-bronze

Keywords: 2013

Objective. In this work we present – for the first time – the online operation of an electroencephalogram (EEG) brain-computer interface (BCI) system based on covert visuospatial attention (CVSA), without relying on any evoked responses. Electrophysiological correlates of pure top-down CVSA have only recently been proposed as a control signal for BCI. Such systems are expected to share the ease of use of stimulus-driven BCIs (e.g. P300, steady state visually evoked potential) with the autonomy afforded by decoding voluntary modulations of ongoing activity (e.g. motor imagery). Approach. Eight healthy subjects participated in the study. EEG signals were acquired with an active 64-channel system. The classification method was based on a time-dependent approach tuned to capture the most discriminant spectral features of the temporal evolution of attentional processes. The system was used by all subjects over two days without retraining, to verify its robustness and reliability. Main results. We report a mean online accuracy across the group of 70.6 ± 1.5%, and 88.8 ± 5.8% for the best subject. Half of the participants produced stable features over the entire duration of the study. Additionally, we explain drops in performance in subjects showing stable features in terms of known electrophysiological correlates of fatigue, suggesting the prospect of online monitoring of mental states in BCI systems. Significance. This work represents the first demonstration of the feasibility of an online EEG BCI based on CVSA. The results achieved suggest the CVSA BCI as a promising alternative to standard BCI modalities. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Authors: publisher An online EEG BCI based on covert visuospatial attention in absence of exogenous stimulation; 2013 Chair Noninvas Brain Machine Interface; Chair Noninvas Brain Machine Interface

Journal: An online EEG BCI based on covert visuospatial attention in absence of exogenous stimulation

Published: Tonin, L; Leeb, R; Sobolewski, A; Millán, JD;

DOI: false

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Volume: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2560/10/5/056007/pdf Pages: 109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823-bronze

Keywords: 2013

Objectives: Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) is a rare mitochondrial syndrome, mostly caused by the 8344A>G mitochondrial DNA mutation. Most of the previous studies have been based on single case/family reports or series with few patients. The primary aim of this study was the characterization of a large cohort of patients with the 8344A>G mutation. The secondary aim was revision of the previously published data. Methods: Retrospective, database-based study (Nation-wide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases) and systematic revision. Results: Forty-two patients carrying the mutation were identified. The great majority did not have full-blown MERRF syndrome. Myoclonus was present in 1 of 5 patients, whereas myopathic signs and symptoms, generalized seizures, hearing loss, eyelid ptosis, and multiple lipomatosis represented the most common clinical features. Some asymptomatic mutation carriers have also been observed. Myoclonus was more strictly associated with ataxia than generalized seizures in adult 8344A.G subjects. Considering all of the 321 patients so far available, including our dataset and previously published cases, at the mean age of approximately 35 years, the clinical picture was characterized by the following signs/symptoms, in descending order: myoclonus, muscle weakness, ataxia (35%-45% of patients); generalized seizures, hearing loss (25%-34.9%); cognitive impairment, multiple lipomatosis, neuropathy, exercise intolerance (15%-24.9%); and increased creatine kinase levels, ptosis/ophthalmoparesis, optic atrophy, cardiomyopathy, muscle wasting, respiratory impairment, diabetes, muscle pain, tremor, migraine (5%-14.9%). Conclusions: Our results showed higher clinical heterogeneity than commonly thought. Moreover, MERRF could be better defined as a myoclonic ataxia rather than a myoclonic epilepsy. © 2013 American Academy of Neurology.

Authors: Phenotypic heterogeneity of the 8344A>G mtDNA "MERRF" mutation; 2013 Neurol Clin; Neurol Clin; IRCCS Ist Sci Neurol; IRCCS Fdn Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin; Neuropediat & Muscle Disorders Unit; Neuromuscular Unit; Dept Neurosci; Inst Neurol; Child Neurol Unit; Unit Mol Neurogenet

Journal: Phenotypic heterogeneity of the 8344A>G mtDNA "MERRF" mutation

Published: Mancuso, M; Orsucci, D; Angelini, C; Bertini, E; Carelli, V; Comi, GP; Minetti, C; Moggio, M; Mongini, T; Servidei, S; Tonin, P; Toscano, A; Uziel, G; Bruno, C; Ienco, EC; Filosto, M; Lamperti, C; Martinelli, D; Moroni, I; Musumeci, O; Pegoraro, E; Ronchi, D; Santorelli, FM; Sauchelli, D; Scarpelli, M; Sciacco, M; Spinazzi, M; Valentino, ML; Vercelli, L; Zeviani, M; Siciliano, G;

DOI: false

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Volume: Mancuso||Orsucci||Angelini||Bertini||Carelli||Comi||Minetti||Moggio||Mongini||Servidei||Toninc||Toscano||Uziel||Bruno||Ienco||Filosto||Lamperti||Martinelli||Moroni||Musumeci||Pegoraro||Ronchi||Santorelli||Sauchelli||Scarpelli||Sciacco||Spinazzi||Valentino||Vercelli||Zeviani||Siciliano Pages: 104458839||104458839||112781907||104427007||104534016||113263551||113240986||113699239||110185689||104638385||103618984||113263551||104458839||113699233||110051846||103618984||112781907||104534016||110185689||104638385||113240986||112781907||104427007||113699239||110051846||104458839-closed

Keywords: 2013

Objectives: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are no longer only used by healthy participants under controlled conditions in laboratory environments, but also by patients and end-users, controlling applications in their homes or clinics, without the BCI experts around. But are the technology and the field mature enough for this? Especially the successful operation of applications – like text entry systems or assistive mobility devices such as tele-presence robots – requires a good level of BCI control. How much training is needed to achieve such a level? Is it possible to train naïve end-users in 10 days to successfully control such applications? Materials and methods: In this work, we report our experiences of training 24 motor-disabled participants at rehabilitation clinics or at the end-users’ homes, without BCI experts present. We also share the lessons that we have learned through transferring BCI technologies from the lab to the user’s home or clinics. Results: The most important outcome is that 50% of the participants achieved good BCI performance and could successfully control the applications (tele-presence robot and text-entry system). In the case of the tele-presence robot the participants achieved an average performance ratio of 0.87 (max. 0.97) and for the text entry application a mean of 0.93 (max. 1.0). The lessons learned and the gathered user feedback range from pure BCI problems (technical and handling), to common communication issues among the different people involved, and issues encountered while controlling the applications. Conclusion: The points raised in this paper are very widely applicable and we anticipate that they might be faced similarly by other groups, if they move on to bringing the BCI technology to the end-user, to home environments and towards application prototype control. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Authors: repository Transferring brain-computer interfaces beyond the laboratory: Successful application control for motor-disabled users; 2013 Ctr Neuroprosthet; Ctr Neuroprosthet

Journal: Transferring brain-computer interfaces beyond the laboratory: Successful application control for motor-disabled users

Published: Leeb, R; Perdikis, S; Tonin, L; Biasiucci, A; Tavella, M; Creatura, M; Molina, A; Al-Khodairy, A; Carlson, T; Milián, JD;

DOI: false

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Volume: Leeb||Perdikis||Tonin||Biasiucci||Tavella||Creatura||Molina||Al-Khodairy||Carlson||Millán Pages: 109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823||109900823-green

Keywords: 2013